9708/22/O/N/23 

• With the help of a diagram(s), explain one reason for an increase in aggregate demand and one reason for an increase in aggregate supply and consider whether an increase in aggregate demand will always lead to inflation. [8]

• Assess whether the internal effects of inflation are more serious than the external effects of inflation for an economy. [12]

9708/22/O/N/23 

• With the help of a diagram(s), explain one reason for an increase in aggregate demand and one reason for an increase in aggregate supply and consider whether an increase in aggregate demand will always lead to inflation. [8] 

• Assess whether the internal effects of inflation are more serious than the external effects of inflation for an economy. [12] 

9708/22/M/J/23

• Explain causes of inflation. Consider whether depreciation of a country's currency that has less natural resources is more likely to face demand pull inflation. [8]

9708/23/M/J/22 

• Explain the difference between cost-push inflation and demand-pull inflation. [8] 

9708/23/O/N/21 

• Explain how inflation is measured and why a rising rate of inflation may be of concern to consumers and producers. [8] 

9708/22/O/N/21 

• Explain what is meant by inflation and, using diagrams, show how it can arise both as a result of a shift in the aggregate demand curve and a shift in the aggregate supply curve. [8] 

• Discuss whether the domestic effects of inflation are more serious than the external effects for an economy. [12] 

9708/22/M/J/21 

• Explain what is meant by deflation and use aggregate demand and aggregate supply diagrams to explain how it might arise in an economy. [8] 

9708/23/M/J/20 

The annual rate of inflation in an economy increased sharply and unexpectedly. 

• Explain the likely consequences of such an increase for consumers and firms. [8] 

9708/22/O/N/20 

• Explain how aggregate demand is likely to be affected by an increase in the money supply and consider whether the impact of such an increase will be on employment or on the general price level. [12] 

9708/22/F/M/20 

• Explain using aggregate demand and aggregate supply diagrams the distinction between cost-push inflation and demand-pull inflation and explain one cause of each. [8]